The first phase of the artificial-intelligence (AI) boom has been measured in Graphics Processing Unit (GPUs). ordered, data centers announced and capital committed. The second is more demanding: how much revenue, margin and cash flow can each dollar of AI infrastructure actually produce? The latest June-quarter results from Microsoft, Amazon, Alphabet, Meta and Apple show that AI is already commercial, but there is no single AI business model. Cloud companies are selling scarce compute, Meta is using AI to improve advertising economics and Apple is striving to make devices and services more valuable without matching hyperscaler capital intensity. That distinction matters because headline company revenue is not the same as AI revenue. Amazon’s $200.6 billion quarter, Alphabet’s $119.8 billion and Apple’s $109.4 billion are impressive, but the useful question for investors and businesses is how much incremental growth, pricing power, customer retention or operating leverage can genuine…
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